Inland areas with flat or slightly undulating topography and sometimes loose sand. They are often anthropogenic – formed where the grass surface has been disturbed for some reason: due to strong trampling (for example, Värska’s largest inland dunes were created on military training grounds), forest fires (Kaibaldi inland dune in Hiiu County), etc. When human activity ceases, the inland areas with loose sand gradually overgrow.
First, the loose sand in inhabited by the sand sedge, blue hair grass, and Festuca sabulosa; Stereocaulaceae and Cladonia take up places between them and in other places where the movement of the sand is impeded. Gradually, the inland dune is covered with a sparse species-poor community with a fair amount of annual plants.
The most famous inland dunes in Estonia are located in Värska in Põlva County, near Kullamaa in Lääne County, in Kaibaldi in Hiiu County, near Elva in Tartu County, etc.
Includes the type group 512 (vegetation of inland dunes and sandy plains) according to Paal.